Information Systems

Describe how information systems have changed the way businesses operate ND their products and services. One of the more popular topics that I have been asked how the information systems have changed the way businesses operate and their products and services. In my point of views I think they have major three ways in which information technology has brought about a huge change in the way in which people conduct business in different parts of the world. One of the most important problem is â€Å"time† So the advantages of using technology is that time constraints are eliminated.Since updated information can be provided to the staff and existing or potential customers at remote locations on a real mime basis and more business can be done. Company can save much more money because they don't have to pay for their staff to travel to meet either customers or other executives. Meetings held through the Internet are as good as the traditional ones. In fact, companies also involve thei r customers in the meetings so that the products can be designed according to their needs.Since information from all parts of the world can collect and merged with the inventory management system of the company, the process of accepting orders and supplying the materials has become far more perfect. If the time taken between invoicing and shipment can decrease, customers will bind to much more satisfied. As more and more people start using the Internet for business and personal reasons, if companies don't adapt themselves and use the upcoming technologies, they will bound to fall behind. Today customers expect goods and services to be available 24 hours, seven days a week.E-commerce is a mode of business where the product is sold through the website of the company. This means that people do not have to step out of their homes to make purchases. Last but not the least whether you are a business to business or business to nonuser concern, you should make use of information technology to maximize pronto b) Describe the characteristics of a digital firm. A digital firm is a firm which nearly all of the organization's major business relationships with customer, supplier, and employee are digitally enabled.Axis business processes are accomplished through digital networks spanning the entire organization or linking multiple organizations. Business processes refer to the set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated. Digital firms involve both time shifting and space shifting. Time shifting refers to business being conducted continuously, rather than in narrow â€Å"work day† time bands of 9 a. M. To 5 p. M.Space shifting means that work takes place in a global workshop, as well as within national. Questions 2 a) List and describe the organization, management, and technology dimensions of information systems. 1 . Organization: The organization dimension of information systems concerns issues like the hierarchy of organization, culture, processes of business, functional specialties and political interest groups. 2. Management: The management dimension of information systems concerns issues like Job attitudes, staff training, and management behavior. 3.Technology: The technology dimension composes of computer software, hardware, data management technology and networking technology. B) Distinguish between data and information and between information systems literacy and computer literacy. Data vs.. Information Data which is a move of raw fact representing events occurring in the organization before the organization have been organized and arranged into a form that people can use and understand. Information which is a data that have been came a form that is meaningful and useful to human being. Information systems literacy vs.. Imputer literacy Information literacy is more care for create infor mation useful to an organization and its staff, on the other hand computer literacy satisfied the simple use of computer. As technology uses spread beyond traditional computer, information literacy enables staff and organization to gain an edge over their competition. Question 3 a) List and describe six reasons why information systems are so important for business today. Six reasons about information systems are so important for business today include: 1. Operational excellence 2. New products, services, and business models 3.Customer and supplier intimacy 4. Improved decision making 5. Competitive advantage 6. Survival Information systems are the basis of conducting business. In 21st century, in many companies, survival and even existence without extensive use of IT is unimaginable, and IT plays a critical role in rising productivity. Although information technology has become a daily, when organization have complementary changes in , it can provide the basis for new product, servi ce, and ways of conducting business that provide firms with a strategic advantage. ) Describe the esoterically perspective on information systems.Optimal organizational performance achieved by together optimizing both social and technical systems used in production can help them to avoid purely technological approach. So it can produce their product much more better. Question 4 a) Define business process and describe the role they play in organizations. Business process which is a use computer's logic to substitute staff to handle related set of activities; Business processes are the ways in which organizations coordinate and organize work activities, knowledge to produce their valuable product or service.Business processes have four different areas. 1 . For the manufacturing and production area include product assembling, quality checking, and producing bills of materials. 2. For the sales and marketing area. Business processes include identifying customers, making customers aware of the product, and selling the product. 3. For finance and accounting, business processes includes paying creditors, creating financial statements, and managing cash accounts. 4. For human resources, business processes include hiring employees, evaluating Job performance of employees, and enrolling employees in benefits plans. Describe the relationship between information systems and business processes. Between information systems and business processes, their relationship is they can substitute each other. Whatever in management, finance, sales or marketing etc†¦ Question 5 a) Define collaboration and teamwork and explain why they have become so important in business today. Teamwork can raise productivity. Teamwork requires each team member to work together while allowing their individual interests to become a subordinate concern. As a result, team members focus on the goal at hand and contribute their knowledge, resources and skills to reaching the goal. Information Systems Describe how information systems have changed the way businesses operate ND their products and services. One of the more popular topics that I have been asked how the information systems have changed the way businesses operate and their products and services. In my point of views I think they have major three ways in which information technology has brought about a huge change in the way in which people conduct business in different parts of the world. One of the most important problem is â€Å"time† So the advantages of using technology is that time constraints are eliminated.Since updated information can be provided to the staff and existing or potential customers at remote locations on a real mime basis and more business can be done. Company can save much more money because they don't have to pay for their staff to travel to meet either customers or other executives. Meetings held through the Internet are as good as the traditional ones. In fact, companies also involve thei r customers in the meetings so that the products can be designed according to their needs.Since information from all parts of the world can collect and merged with the inventory management system of the company, the process of accepting orders and supplying the materials has become far more perfect. If the time taken between invoicing and shipment can decrease, customers will bind to much more satisfied. As more and more people start using the Internet for business and personal reasons, if companies don't adapt themselves and use the upcoming technologies, they will bound to fall behind. Today customers expect goods and services to be available 24 hours, seven days a week.E-commerce is a mode of business where the product is sold through the website of the company. This means that people do not have to step out of their homes to make purchases. Last but not the least whether you are a business to business or business to nonuser concern, you should make use of information technology to maximize pronto b) Describe the characteristics of a digital firm. A digital firm is a firm which nearly all of the organization's major business relationships with customer, supplier, and employee are digitally enabled.Axis business processes are accomplished through digital networks spanning the entire organization or linking multiple organizations. Business processes refer to the set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated. Digital firms involve both time shifting and space shifting. Time shifting refers to business being conducted continuously, rather than in narrow â€Å"work day† time bands of 9 a. M. To 5 p. M.Space shifting means that work takes place in a global workshop, as well as within national. Questions 2 a) List and describe the organization, management, and technology dimensions of information systems. 1 . Organization: The organization dimension of information systems concerns issues like the hierarchy of organization, culture, processes of business, functional specialties and political interest groups. 2. Management: The management dimension of information systems concerns issues like Job attitudes, staff training, and management behavior. 3.Technology: The technology dimension composes of computer software, hardware, data management technology and networking technology. B) Distinguish between data and information and between information systems literacy and computer literacy. Data vs.. Information Data which is a move of raw fact representing events occurring in the organization before the organization have been organized and arranged into a form that people can use and understand. Information which is a data that have been came a form that is meaningful and useful to human being. Information systems literacy vs.. Imputer literacy Information literacy is more care for create infor mation useful to an organization and its staff, on the other hand computer literacy satisfied the simple use of computer. As technology uses spread beyond traditional computer, information literacy enables staff and organization to gain an edge over their competition. Question 3 a) List and describe six reasons why information systems are so important for business today. Six reasons about information systems are so important for business today include: 1. Operational excellence 2. New products, services, and business models 3.Customer and supplier intimacy 4. Improved decision making 5. Competitive advantage 6. Survival Information systems are the basis of conducting business. In 21st century, in many companies, survival and even existence without extensive use of IT is unimaginable, and IT plays a critical role in rising productivity. Although information technology has become a daily, when organization have complementary changes in , it can provide the basis for new product, servi ce, and ways of conducting business that provide firms with a strategic advantage. ) Describe the esoterically perspective on information systems.Optimal organizational performance achieved by together optimizing both social and technical systems used in production can help them to avoid purely technological approach. So it can produce their product much more better. Question 4 a) Define business process and describe the role they play in organizations. Business process which is a use computer's logic to substitute staff to handle related set of activities; Business processes are the ways in which organizations coordinate and organize work activities, knowledge to produce their valuable product or service.Business processes have four different areas. 1 . For the manufacturing and production area include product assembling, quality checking, and producing bills of materials. 2. For the sales and marketing area. Business processes include identifying customers, making customers aware of the product, and selling the product. 3. For finance and accounting, business processes includes paying creditors, creating financial statements, and managing cash accounts. 4. For human resources, business processes include hiring employees, evaluating Job performance of employees, and enrolling employees in benefits plans. Describe the relationship between information systems and business processes. Between information systems and business processes, their relationship is they can substitute each other. Whatever in management, finance, sales or marketing etc†¦ Question 5 a) Define collaboration and teamwork and explain why they have become so important in business today. Teamwork can raise productivity. Teamwork requires each team member to work together while allowing their individual interests to become a subordinate concern. As a result, team members focus on the goal at hand and contribute their knowledge, resources and skills to reaching the goal. Information Systems Describe how information systems have changed the way businesses operate ND their products and services. One of the more popular topics that I have been asked how the information systems have changed the way businesses operate and their products and services. In my point of views I think they have major three ways in which information technology has brought about a huge change in the way in which people conduct business in different parts of the world. One of the most important problem is â€Å"time† So the advantages of using technology is that time constraints are eliminated.Since updated information can be provided to the staff and existing or potential customers at remote locations on a real mime basis and more business can be done. Company can save much more money because they don't have to pay for their staff to travel to meet either customers or other executives. Meetings held through the Internet are as good as the traditional ones. In fact, companies also involve thei r customers in the meetings so that the products can be designed according to their needs.Since information from all parts of the world can collect and merged with the inventory management system of the company, the process of accepting orders and supplying the materials has become far more perfect. If the time taken between invoicing and shipment can decrease, customers will bind to much more satisfied. As more and more people start using the Internet for business and personal reasons, if companies don't adapt themselves and use the upcoming technologies, they will bound to fall behind. Today customers expect goods and services to be available 24 hours, seven days a week.E-commerce is a mode of business where the product is sold through the website of the company. This means that people do not have to step out of their homes to make purchases. Last but not the least whether you are a business to business or business to nonuser concern, you should make use of information technology to maximize pronto b) Describe the characteristics of a digital firm. A digital firm is a firm which nearly all of the organization's major business relationships with customer, supplier, and employee are digitally enabled.Axis business processes are accomplished through digital networks spanning the entire organization or linking multiple organizations. Business processes refer to the set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated. Digital firms involve both time shifting and space shifting. Time shifting refers to business being conducted continuously, rather than in narrow â€Å"work day† time bands of 9 a. M. To 5 p. M.Space shifting means that work takes place in a global workshop, as well as within national. Questions 2 a) List and describe the organization, management, and technology dimensions of information systems. 1 . Organization: The organization dimension of information systems concerns issues like the hierarchy of organization, culture, processes of business, functional specialties and political interest groups. 2. Management: The management dimension of information systems concerns issues like Job attitudes, staff training, and management behavior. 3.Technology: The technology dimension composes of computer software, hardware, data management technology and networking technology. B) Distinguish between data and information and between information systems literacy and computer literacy. Data vs.. Information Data which is a move of raw fact representing events occurring in the organization before the organization have been organized and arranged into a form that people can use and understand. Information which is a data that have been came a form that is meaningful and useful to human being. Information systems literacy vs.. Imputer literacy Information literacy is more care for create infor mation useful to an organization and its staff, on the other hand computer literacy satisfied the simple use of computer. As technology uses spread beyond traditional computer, information literacy enables staff and organization to gain an edge over their competition. Question 3 a) List and describe six reasons why information systems are so important for business today. Six reasons about information systems are so important for business today include: 1. Operational excellence 2. New products, services, and business models 3.Customer and supplier intimacy 4. Improved decision making 5. Competitive advantage 6. Survival Information systems are the basis of conducting business. In 21st century, in many companies, survival and even existence without extensive use of IT is unimaginable, and IT plays a critical role in rising productivity. Although information technology has become a daily, when organization have complementary changes in , it can provide the basis for new product, servi ce, and ways of conducting business that provide firms with a strategic advantage. ) Describe the esoterically perspective on information systems.Optimal organizational performance achieved by together optimizing both social and technical systems used in production can help them to avoid purely technological approach. So it can produce their product much more better. Question 4 a) Define business process and describe the role they play in organizations. Business process which is a use computer's logic to substitute staff to handle related set of activities; Business processes are the ways in which organizations coordinate and organize work activities, knowledge to produce their valuable product or service.Business processes have four different areas. 1 . For the manufacturing and production area include product assembling, quality checking, and producing bills of materials. 2. For the sales and marketing area. Business processes include identifying customers, making customers aware of the product, and selling the product. 3. For finance and accounting, business processes includes paying creditors, creating financial statements, and managing cash accounts. 4. For human resources, business processes include hiring employees, evaluating Job performance of employees, and enrolling employees in benefits plans. Describe the relationship between information systems and business processes. Between information systems and business processes, their relationship is they can substitute each other. Whatever in management, finance, sales or marketing etc†¦ Question 5 a) Define collaboration and teamwork and explain why they have become so important in business today. Teamwork can raise productivity. Teamwork requires each team member to work together while allowing their individual interests to become a subordinate concern. As a result, team members focus on the goal at hand and contribute their knowledge, resources and skills to reaching the goal.

About Employment

Although the attraction for foreign employment is increasing everyday, employment is not safe, secured and managed well. Skilled and trained manpower appropriate to the nature and requirement of foreign demand are not available. So, people are going to foreign countries as unskilled or semi-skilled work force. Because of this, foreign countries are getting on one hand cheap labor and on the other Nepalese working abroad are not getting rights and honorable jobs. This has compelled Nepalese people to sell their labour at a throw away price whereas they have to invest a lot of money. Foreign Employment Act 2064 has clearly made a legal provision for sending Nepalese for foreign employment. But, this act is not correctly implemented. Various foreign employment services are in operation without government permission. Brokers are taking advantage of the simple and innocent people and cheating them badly. It is a pity that even those who have gone through resistered agencies and also having required skill, training and knowledge are not getting good jobs and salary. Not only this, there are many instances when such labour forces have returned prematurely not having required qualifications, ability, skills and knowledge suitable for these jobs offered. This is indeed a big and serious challenge. There is a need of legal, technical and professional training for these people so that they can meet the challenges and can take benefit of the advantages of the opportunities available in the market. Technically trained, skilled and competent people can compete with others and secure right jobs, which fetch them good salary. There is also need of providing them accidental and life insurance to make their life more secured. The demand for Nepalese workers is increasing greatly. The Three Year Interim Plan has provision to have labour contract with those countries where there are a large number of Nepalese working. This indicates that the opportunities for employment are increasing day by day. According to the government reports, more than one billion rupees remittances are earned every year from foreign employment. This has largely contributed to national economy. Many factories and industries are established from such money which helps in generating local employment and revenues. However, continuous fleeing of trained and skilled human power would adversely affect in their own economic development. They should gradually bring down the number of out going labour force. The country’s development is own development. It is a fact that one gets due respect only when his own country is developed. Those Nepalese working in other countries as Bahadur and Kanchhas are giving their sweat and blood for the development of other countries. Whereas it is sad to say that Nepal remains always poor, underdeveloped and backward. For this, they (Nepalese) have to get appropriate training, knowledge, skills and contribute to their own economic development. We should love our own country and foster patriotic feeling among us. On this lies our over all welfare and well being

Medical Term

Match each combining form with its closest de? nition. a. acanth(o) b. actin(o) c. aer(o) d. algio e. amyl(o) f. andr(o) g. athero h. bacill(o) i. bacteri(o) j. bar(o) k. bas(o) l. bio 1. The closest de? nition for light. ________________________________________ 2. The closest de? nition for air. ________________________________________ 3. The closest de? nition for pain. ________________________________________ 4. The closest de? nition for starch. ________________________________________ 5. The closest de? nition for life. ________________________________________ 6. The closest de? nition for masculine. _______________________________________ Page 2 7. The closest de? nition for bacilli. ________________________________________ 8. The closest de? nition for bacteria. ________________________________________ 9. The closest de? nition for weight. ________________________________________ 10. The closest de? nition for spiny. ________________________________________ 11. The closest de? nition for base. ________________________________________ 12. The closest de? nition for plaque ________________________________________ Match each combining form with its closest de? nition. a. blast(o) b. cac(o) c. calci(o) d. carcin(o) e. hem(o) f. chlor(o) g. chondrio h. chore(o) i. chrom(o) j. chrono k. chyl(o) l. chym(o) 13. The closest de? nition for calcium. ________________________________________ 14. The closest de? nition for cancer. ________________________________________ Page 3 15. The closest de? nition for cartilage. ________________________________________ 16. The closest de? nition for bad. ________________________________________ 17. The closest de? nition for immature cell. ________________________________________ 18. The closest de? nition for chemical. ________________________________________ 19. The closest de? nition for chlorine. _______________________________________ 20. The closest de? nition for dance. ________________________________________ 21. The cl osest de? nition for chyle. ________________________________________ 22. The closest de? nition for color. ________________________________________ 23. The closest de? nition for time. ________________________________________ 24. The closest de? nition for chyme. ________________________________________ Page 4 Match each combining form with its closest de? nition. a. cine(o) b. coni(o) c. crin(o) d. cry(o) e. crypt(o) f. cyan(o) g. cyc(o) h. cyst(o) i. cyt(o) j. dextr(o) k. dips(o) l. dors(o) 25.The closest de? nition for dust. ________________________________________ 26. The closest de? nition for secrete. ________________________________________ 27. The closest de? nition for bladder. ________________________________________ 28. The closest de? nition for cold. ________________________________________ 29. The closest de? nition for movement. ________________________________________ 30. The closest de? nition for blue. ________________________________________ 31. The closest de? ni tion for circle. ________________________________________ 32. The closest de? nition for right. ________________________________________Page 5 33. The closest de? nition for hidden. ________________________________________ 34. The closest de? nition for cell. ________________________________________ 35. The closest de? nition for thirst. ________________________________________ 36. The closest de? nition for back. ________________________________________ Match each combining form with its closest de? nition. a. dynamo b. electr(o) c. eosin(o) d. ergo e. esthesio f. ethmo g. etio h. ?br(o) i. ?uor(o) j. fungi k. galact(o) l. gen(o) 37. The closest de? nition for red. ________________________________________ 38. The closest de? nition for work. _______________________________________ 39. The closest de? nition for force. ________________________________________ 40. The closest de? nition for sensation. ________________________________________ Page 6 41. The closest de? nition for milk . ________________________________________ 42. The closest de? nition for electric. ________________________________________ 43. The closest de? nition for ethmoid bone. ________________________________________ 44. The closest de? nition for cause. ________________________________________ 45. The closest de? nition for ? uorine. ________________________________________ 46. The closest de? ition for fungus. ________________________________________ 47. The closest de? nition for ? ber. ________________________________________ 48. The closest de? nition for producing. ________________________________________ Match each combining form with its closest de? nition. a. echo b. erythr(o) c. geront(o) d. gluco e. gonio f. granulo g. gyn(o) h. home(o) i. hydr(o) j. hypn(o) k. iatr(o) l. ichthy(o) Page 7 49. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition red. ________________________________________ 50. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition age. _______________ _________________________ 1. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition sugar. ________________________________________ 52. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition sleep. ________________________________________ 53. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition angle. ________________________________________ 54. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition treatment. ________________________________________ 55. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition women. ________________________________________ 56. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition sound. _______________________________________ 57. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition same. ________________________________________ 58. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition granular. ________________________________________ 59. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition water. _________ _______________________________ Page 8 60. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition scaly. ________________________________________ Match each combining form with its closest de? nition. a. glyco b. idio c. immun(o) d. kal(i) e. karyo f. ket(o) g. kin(o) h. kyph(o) i. lact(o) j. atero k. lepto l. leuk(o) 61. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition distinct. ________________________________________ 62. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition immune. ________________________________________ 63. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition potassium. ________________________________________ 64. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition ketone. ________________________________________ 65. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition nucleus. ________________________________________ 66. Select the combining form that best matches the de? ition sugar. ______________________________________ __ 67. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition humpback. ________________________________________ Page 9 68. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition white. ________________________________________ 69. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition milk. ________________________________________ 70. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition lateral. ________________________________________ 71. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition movement. ________________________________________ 72.Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition frail. ________________________________________ Match each combining form with its closest de? nition. a. kinesi(o) b. lip(o) c. lith(o) d. log(o) e. lys(o) f. macr(o) g. medi(o) h. meg(a) i. melan(o) j. micr(o) k. mio l. morph(o) 73. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition motion. ________________________________________ 74. Select the combi ning form that best matches the de? nition stone. ________________________________________ 75. Select the combining form that best matches the de? nition shape. ________________________________________ Page 10

Cross Cultural Organizational Behaviour-&ltFear and Trembling&gt Assignment

Cross Cultural Organizational Behaviour-<Fear and Trembling> - Assignment Example In human resource management, the Herzberg’s two-factor theory states that both job dissatisfaction and job satisfaction exist, but work independently of another. This means it is guided by the fundamentals of attitudes and motivation to integrate practicality when enhancing workers’ productivity. The theory was advanced by Frederick Herzberg and it continues to streamline the human resource management in terms of recognition, advancement, achievement and even responsibility. On that account, the movie Fear and Trembling directed by Alain Corneau attempts to evoke Herzberg’s two-factor theory in particular scenes with emphasis on its numerous characters. This is exemplified in Amelie’s return to Japan after many years seeking a reconnection and a means of integration, but the circumstances and conditions are difficult. On that perspective, the protagonist’s behavior is an epitome of a reformed attitude and motivation to perform her duties in a diffe rent way that evokes a sense of responsibility and recognition. Amelie also intends to increase her satisfaction in serving her nation, but the retrogressive forces such as those depicted by Ms Mori acted by Kaori Tsuji are hell-bent on questioning her willingness to work. In the same account, the lead character’s embodiment of humility in facing her tasks as a translator at an import/export company does not favor her because she barely remembers the Japanese cultural norms (Sheldrake 164). Unfortunately, this negates her intentions that Herzberg asserts that are guided by higher-level gratification and other forms of psychological needs rather than mere competence. Contrastingly, Ms Mori’s callous trait represents the two-factor model of failing to offer the worker the set of job characteristics that will spur satisfaction. Instead, she belittles Amelia particularly in the scene where the protagonist requests for better work conditions to fully integrate in her native country. This clearly demonstrates Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory of diminishing one’s job attitudes and eventual productivity. It is also evident when Ms Mori delegates Amelie to become a bathroom attendant not as a means of recognizing her efforts but as a revenge tactic to demoralize her efforts. The scene provokes a sense of defeat in the motivated worker and is further manifested when Amelie angrily tells refuses to renew her contract. Such a scenario in any job setting is a replication of worker subjugation and exploitation that cannot be prevented thus Herzberg’s conclusion on the two-sidedness of job satisfaction in various firms. According to Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory, the plight of Amelie in the import/export company remains evident in the scene where the main character finally meets the company’s president. The office evokes a sense of cultural Japan when people addressed the Emperor and was a sign of reverence and contentment. In th e work context, it displays a renewed hope and motivation in the incompetent translator who has been thoroughly humiliated by Ms Mori in her quest to crush any form of productivity. Additionally, Ms Mori’s retrogressive display of converting a former translator to a bathroom attendant clearly proves her failure to distinguish the building blocks of Herzberg's

Role of HR in Knowledge Management Research Paper

Role of HR in Knowledge Management - Research Paper Example Most of the organizations do not effectively utilize Human Resources’ contribution for the effective implementation of Knowledge Management. If people are managed effectively and their knowledge utilized efficiently, then evidently it can become a competitive advantage. Relying on modern information systems will be fruitful if people are actively involved in knowledge sharing. The different areas of Human Resources which help in effective knowledge sharing are reward systems, recruitment, retention, succession planning and training and development. The first and most obvious area of Human Resources involvement in Knowledge Management is reward management. It is very clear that employees will not be ready to share their knowledge and expertise until and unless they are rewarded. Rewards will motivate them to share their knowledge and it is purely on the shoulders of Human Resource people to undertake this task. This way H R enables knowledge sharing in different departments. In case of recruitment, retention and succession planning from a Knowledge Management perspective can be looked at as filling knowledge gaps. While recruiting new employees, they can select candidates who are more creative and innovative and can adapt themselves to the changing work environment. Also, retention of good employees is necessary. The HR policies and procedures should be designed in such a way that they allow employees to meet their personal objectives. Succession planning, on the other hand, is about planning to meet future skills and knowledge needs with existing resources. Human Resources’ involvement and its contribution is perhaps the greatest in training and development. Human Resources should get itself actively involved in the technological developments in the workplace as they can train the employees accordingly. Training is necessary for individuals to work in teams as co-operation and sharing of information brings in benefits for the whole organization. T hough Human Resources’ contribution is inevitable in the area of Knowledge Management, it has certain limitations as Human Resources and other departments are most in conflicts. This can be seen as a limitation of Human Resources’ intervention in effective Knowledge Management. Employees in other departments need to support the HR people for effective knowledge sharing as HR people becomes the mediator in knowledge sharing. This is not Human Resources’ role alone but its contribution is necessary. Building a culture for Knowledge management on certain values will require changes in systems and processes, and a way of doing things which both transmits the organizational culture to new employees and reinforces it to old employees. As with any change situation, conflicts can arise. This is where Human Resources can contribute to the development of the Knowledge Management culture by handling such conflicts. According to Chivu and Popescu (2008),  in terms of know ledge migration, Human Resource may play a major enabling role in helping identify the potential of knowledge migrants. According to them, the HR process with regard to knowledge management involves HR sought assessment and selection, HR sought training and development, HR sought appropriate communication, reward and recognition schemes and knowledge

Kudler Fine Foods Paper and Presentaion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Kudler Fine Foods Paper and Presentaion - Essay Example And choosing the proper one for the business is depending on the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat, of the choice that possesses in the available and the unavailable resources. The paper has worked on to address the issues regarding the choice of expansion being a private company and a projection of SWOT of the proposed expansion plans. The overall concept of any expansion plan is to raise fund that is needed to expand the company internally or externally. This is so, because the fund is the life line of any venture at the runway. The very first option that the company has projected is the floating of Initial Public Offer to raise fund from the public. This option of Initial Public Offering (IPO), also known as "public offering", is the concept of issuing common stock or shares to the public for the first time. This concept is pretty handy for smaller, younger companies seeking capital to expand. In an IPO, the Kudler may obtain the assistance of an underwriting firm, which helps it determine what type of security to issue; that is common or preferred, best offering price and time to bring it to market. Weakness: The cost of complying with regulatory requirements can be very high. Some of the additional costs include the generation of financial reporting documents, audit fees, investor relation departments and accounting oversight committees are unwanted by the public (INVESTOPEDIA, 2008). Threat: The actions of Kudler’s management will become increasingly scrutinised as investors constantly look for rising bottom line. This may lead Kudler to perform questionable practices in order to boost earnings. After this brief insight of the IPO based expansion; the second expansion plan is the Acquisition. It is also known as a takeover or is the buying of one company by another (Spaeder, 2004). Here, the companies cooperate in negotiations of purchasing of a smaller firm by a larger one. There is another form of acquisition, known as

Rhetoric anlysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Rhetoric anlysis - Essay Example rb indicates that Catton’s style does not emphasize on action images, but on descriptive images that aim to illustrate the paradox of being different, and yet being alike. Another example of atypical syntax is: â€Å"Daring and resourcefulness they had too† (paragraph 15). It is a typical because the predicate â€Å"Daring and resourcefulness† was put first before the subject â€Å"they.† The unique quality of writing emphasizes descriptions of the greatness of these two generals, and how they truly captured the diverse characters of the American identity. Catton focuses more on the backgrounds of the two generals and how they served as the metaphor of their people because they are more important than statistics and dates in representing the greatness of two people uniting for a great common cause. For instance, Catton says that â€Å"Lee†¦himself was the Confederacy† (paragraph 6) and Grant was â€Å"the Westerner† (paragraph 11). By making each general stand for the people they were fighting for, Catton successfully creates a patriotic tone that can unify Confederates and Union supporters because, if their generals, the epitome of who they are and what they stand for, can set aside their differences to attain common interests, then these two groups of people can also do the same. The single sentence in paragraph 3 provides the thesis of the essay. It argues that these two generals are truly different, but they must collide in order to pave a new direction for the country. The purpose of using a single sentence is to emphasize the thesis and to set the tone of writing and attitude of the speaker toward the values and ideals that Lee and Grant represent, individually and jointly. These coordinating conjunctions give special coherence to the paragraphs because they provide the signal posts for talking about differences or similarities between the two generals and the lives they represent. They also support the patriotic, conversational tone that Catton uses, so

The Glass Menagerie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Glass Menagerie - Essay Example C. He feels like a trapped animal that finally escapes its shackled existence. III: Amanda Wingfield’s illusionary world. A. Amanda is an old Southern belle who cannot accept her new status. B. She is partially guilty for her children’s faults. C. She tries to live in the present and past, unsuccessfully. The Difficulty of Accepting Reality Tennessee Williams’ The Glass Menagerie offers a minimal approach at the cost of an abundant plot and dramatic realism, so that he can portray â€Å"the totality of experience†¦ through symbolic implications, psychological action and lack of other distractions† (Bloom 19). His characters face such transformation that they find it impossible to relate to and cope with their present reality. Each member of the Wingfield family is unable to overcome this difficulty and each one of them withdraws into a private world of illusion where they find the comfort and meaning that the real world does not seem to offer. The phy sically and emotionally crippled Laura lives in a private world populated by glass animals, which are, just like her own inner self, dangerously delicate: â€Å"Oh, be careful - If you breathe, it breaks!† (Williams 64). Despite her problems, she harshly contrasts the other members of her household, with their selfishness and grudging sacrifices, by exalting pure compassion. She is also compared to a unicorn, a mythical being which is being referred to as extinct by Jim, and is also lonely, just like Laura due to its uniqueness. Once broken, it loses its magical traits and becomes just an ordinary horse which she gives to Jim as a souvenir, because it does not belong to her imaginative glass menagerie world any more, an enticing world grounded on fragile illusions. Unlike his sister, Tom is capable of functioning in the real world, as it is noted in his holding down a job and talking to strangers. He reads literature, he writes poetry and dreams of higher things in life, of e scape and adventure. Yet, he is inextricably bound to the squalid, petty world of the Wingfield household, as this is the only thing we get a deeper insight into. He bares his thoughts on his sister, mother, his warehouse job, precisely the things he claims he wishes to escape from. It becomes all too obvious that he has no more motivation than his sister in trying to obtain personal success, romantic relationships or even ordinary friendships, but just retreats into fantasies that literature, movies and drunkenness provide for him, until finally he leaves both his mother and sister behind, because as Williams puts it: â€Å"to escape from a trap, he has to act without pity† (Williams xiii). Their mother Amanda’s relationship with reality is the most complicated one. As an aged Southern belle who has lost all the major traits of one, she is partial to real world values and longs for social and financial success. She cannot accept her new status in society, Lauraâ€℠¢s peculiarity, the fact that Tom is not a real and successful businessman, and that she herself might be partially responsible for the flaws of her children. She yearns to make things better for all of them, yet she does it in all the wrong ways. Her retreat into illusion is in many ways more pathetic than that of her children’s, because she wistfully distorts reality, while at the same time, being painfully convinced she is not doing so. She tries desperately to hold on to both worlds, that of the present and the past, but realizes that both are crumbling beneath her

Industrial relations in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Industrial relations in the UK - Essay Example The British state and its role in the industrial relations of the country can be considered as one of the most significant exhibition of the effects of the policies undertaken by the government and applied through the decisions undertaken by the nation. Through the course of history of the country, the past 30 years can be considered as the most significant area of study. This is due to the fact the most noteworthy decisions undertaken by the British government are undertaken during this ear. It can in fact be noted that the past decades comprise the most dynamic period in the country's history (Ackers and Wilkinson 2005). The importance of the past 30 years in the British history specifically in the aspect of the effects of governance and the role of the state with respect to industrial relations. The event that was considered to be the main event that altered and made the greatest impression in the development if the country's economy and industrial relation is during the Trade Union Law in 1979. The said law is related to the development that had occurred in the last 30 years in the industrial relations of country. ... The period prior to the legislation, was the establishment of policies that are unrelated to the legislation. There are even the developments of certain policies that were aimed to improve the industrial relations of the country but on the other hand are unrelated to the role of the state. Upon the attainment of the legislation that works on the role of the state in the improvement of the issues related a renewed phase dawned, the recognition of the role of the British state in the country's industrial relation (Clark, 2000). The realm that set the course of the British state and its role can then be analyze through the events that marked the development in the status and the participants in the industrial sector. The Changes and Developments in the Role of the State The history of the role of the British state regarding the industrial relations can be studied on the basis of the events that happened prior to the 1979 legislation, the contemporary events and situations simultaneous to the commencement of the legislation and the scenario upon the implementation of the altered role of the state. The early part in the history of the British industrial relations can be considered as one of the most difficult and trying stage. This can be related to the age of war during the said period. On the other hand after the war, the development of the alliance between the nations in the Atlantic region became one of the significant factors affecting the industrial relation (Clark, 2000). One of the most significant concepts is the 'Atlanticism' which is also referred to as the Atlantic alliance between the nations in the

Patagonia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Patagonia - Essay Example This movement is known as â€Å"One Percent for the Planet.† Give examples of how Patagonia gives back to society in the form of their day-to-day polices and operations. According to a Youtube video entitled â€Å"Patagonia Social Auditing,† this company has begun to make it a part of their policy to only do business with factories that provide humane treatment for their workers. They also place a great deal of emphasis on the idea of â€Å"social auditing† which is basically where the company consistently keeps itself apprised of the goings on at the places that make and produce their clothing. This is so that the company can provide transparency to its customers and investors who are showing more interest in the welfare of the people in these clothing factories. How has this corporation made its business both profitable and an agent of social change? This corporation has made itself profitable by providing well made clothes that the everyday customer can afford . Patagonia began with the idea of making environmentally safe clothes in the 1980’s which is many years before the green craze took over, so the company was able to develop a strong and consistent reputation.

Adolescent and Predictable and Unpredictable Elenents of This Transition and Associated Life-Stage Essay Example for Free

Adolescent and Predictable and Unpredictable Elenents of This Transition and Associated Life-Stage Essay Abdallah. Ayda Critical Reflection Essay Introduction Within the context of nursing there has been a significant change in nursing in the last two decades, where nursing and medical knowledge has led to changes where patients can no longer stay in hospital and reduction in hospital beds. Professionals who are employed in the healthcare industry are dealing with acutely ill patients who are in more need of care (usher et al 2009). As professionals we must discover the nature that is offered to us by responding and using reflective thoughts to enhance the important aspects in society (Lauder et al 2004). And qualified nurses, acknowledge and understanding is essential for their practice to remain current, continuous improvement in reflecting on our thoughts, and what we do becomes Habitual to our practice (usher et al 2008). It is a necessity for nurses to use critical thinking as it helps gather relevant information to assist practitioners in examining assumptions and identify relationships and patterns (Parker Clare 2000). We begin this chapter by exploring the concept of critical reflection and why it is important for a nurse, as well as provide an over view of the related legislation that requires the use of reflective thinking in practice by registered nurses, the next section addresses the Gibbs Cycle of what, why and overview of definitions of reflection. Nurses are becoming more aware of the need to utilize and improve their practice, as well as consider the political, social structure issues affecting it. (Taylor 2000). As changes are occurring with the nursing context it is essential for nurses to analyze and respond to different challenges. Initiatively, reflection is the foundation of organizing difficult situations when faced, it also is easily understood, if any problem aroused in the work place (usher et al 2008). John (1998), explains the description of reflection of when being faced with contradictions allows practitioners to assess, think critically and reflect on their practice. In addition reflection is a process which allows existence in acknowledge in the way nursing theory, for example can. Reflection is cognitive in relation to changes of things we do which is not a technique or curriculum element. See more:  First Poem for You Essay Reflective practice enables practitioners to learn from their experiences and what they do, how they do it, what they say in relation to their home  and work, in the significant of others and wider society and culture. Nurses who engage in some form of activity are set out by regulatory authorities indicate an adoption with the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, (ANMC). Competency standards for registered nurses (2005), in the early 1990’s Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, (ANMC) had first adopted the national competency standards for registered nurses. Establishment of the organization was in 1992, to develop a national approach to nursing and Midwifery regulation. To ensure and deliver safe competent care, the (ANMC) worked together with the state and territory nursing and midwifery authorities (NMRAS) to produce national standard. In relation, to the AHPRA’S Scheme, which came into effect of 1st of July, 2010, the operations are governed by the health and practitioner regulation national law Act, 2009 (QLD) and each state and territory. In addition with the national scheme, responsibility was taken over for the regulation of nurses and midwifes in Australia, and taken ownership of the national competency standard for registered nurses. The minimum care standards for a nurse in Australia are the 4 domains provisions and coordination of care, professional practice, critical thinking and analysis, collaborative and therapeutic practice. The domains of reflections which also include self-appraisal reflecting on ones own practices by feeling and beliefs and professional development. The domains have all been set out for the nurse to reflect on practice, reflectively and ethically (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008a, 2006). Reflections a verb which means to reflect on one thought (Hancock 1999). This might recall what one thinks and memories in a cognitive act such as overviewing identifying error. (Taylor 2000). Reflection is an activity in the guidance of an action before it happens. (Francis 1995). Rolfe et al (2001), argue that knowledge for practice that does not come from text books or lectures. In addition they call it scientific knowledge that practitioners pick up from everyday knowledge, reflection is the process of theorizing about that knowledge. In consideration, of the reflective views of recognizing strengths and weaknesses and my education enables me to make positive changes to my future practice by using Gibbs Cycle model. Gibbs Reflective Cycle ï‚ · ï‚ · Gibbs model begins with asking what happened. What was your feeling? This allows me to think what accured at the time of event. ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · What was my role in the situation? What was I trying to achieve and what action to take? What was the response of others and what they thought? We move from the second stage of Gibbs Cycle. ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · What does this tell me about my patients? What is the model is model of care I am using? How is my attitude towards the patient? What should I have done to make this better? Final stage of Gibbs model. ï‚ · ï‚ · What do I need to do to make things better? Question myself about improving patient care; widen my knowledge to improve patient care. Conclusion: During my research I began to acknowledge the fact that critical reflection is essential in nursing to enable to look back words on errors made in the work place. Gibbs Cycle is the tool in reflecting back on thoughts and actions accomplished by nurses. If we look back on what we do and how we do it, high care of patient care can be monitored easily without causing harm in the work place. (ANMC) embraces all nurses and practitioners to engage in some type of activity to enhance reflective thinking as it helps in gathering relevant and current information as it is part of the legislation. I feel it has come to my mind that critical reflection it is an important tool on reflecting ones thoughts. Perception of my role: Critical reflection has knowledge me to look backwards and think of things we do. It has changed my perception of nursing as my knowledge expanded enormously towards my role as a nurse since commencing my university degree. I feel I have a responsibility as a nurse to follow the nursing and midwifery council scheme to remain current.

The Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

The Great Gatsby Essay The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, introduces the reader to scenes of violence that contribute to the meaning of the complete work. Wealthy, powerful characters such as Tom Buchanan are the major causes of violence introduced because they are selfish and careless. Through an accident that killed Myrtle Wilson, or the passionate murder of an innocent man, Fitzgerald incorporates themes of the novel. The violent act that begins the downward spiral in The Great Gatsby is when Tom Buchanan hits Myrtle, his mistress, in the face. It was a body capable of enormous leverage — a cruel body (Fitzgerald, 12). † is how Nick describes Tom’s intimidating physique when he first meets him. So it is not surprising that when Myrtle begins to taunt him by repeating his wife’s name that he reacted and â€Å"broke her nose with his open hand (Fitzgerald, 41). † This scene of violence demonstrates that people like Tom, living in East Egg, think that they are better than everyone else and can disrespect or ignore others because of social status. This is the underlying cause of the deaths in the novel. One of the most tragic scenes of violence occur when Daisy Buchanan is driving in the car with Gatsby, returning home from their dramatic visit to the city with her husband. She is hysterical because Tom revealed that Gatsby is a bootlegger. While passing through the Valley of Ashes, Myrtle runs out to the car because her husband is forcing her to move and she needs help. â€Å"The ‘death car,’ as the newspapers called it, didn’t stop; it came out of the gathering darkness, wavered tragically for a moment and then disappeared around the next bend (Fitzgerald 144). is how the killing is described. As a result of Daisy’s recklessness, she brutally ran over Myrtle Wilson. Besides the fact that Myrtle was murdered, the importance of this scene is that Daisy did not even stop to take a look at the damage her state had caused. Her ignorance ultimately was the cause of Gatsby’s death. Fitzgerald purposely included wealthy, irresponsible characters in his novel that caused the violence and completed story. To sum up the importance of the crowd with â€Å"old money†, this is a quote from when Nick is speaking to rejected Gatsby. He says, â€Å"They were careless people, Tom and Daisy- they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made. (Fitzgerald, 188)† It is clear that all they cared about was themselves, and after the murders occurred, they left town and did not attend one funeral. The last act of violence, when Gatsby is murdered, leaves an important impression on the reader and the novel. George Wilson is devastated by his wife’s death and thinks that God wants him to kill the person who is responsible for it. Naturally, he went to the Buchanan’s to get some answers because it was their car. Tom was in a fragile state because he truly loved Myrtle, and directed George to Gatsby. Gatsby did not kill anybody but he paid the price for it. He was laying in his extravagant pool and saw â€Å"that ashen, fantastic figure gliding toward him through the amorphous trees (Fitzgerald, 172). † First George shot Gatsby, then he shot himself and ended two innocent lives. It was because Gatsby constantly chased one single dream his whole life that the scene of violence had to happen. Daisy was not good for him, and dreams keep getting pushed farther and farther away from people because the past is haunting and unchangeable. The violent scenes Fitzgerald included in The Great Gatsby are the altering moments that support the underlying themes of the past, society and class, and love. Tom’s powerful nature, cheating on his wife, and violence represent the danger and authority. Fitzgerald made a point to include careless, wealthy characters in the novel that contributed to completing the violence and work as a whole.

The Feminist Standpoint Theory

The Feminist Standpoint Theory According to Marxist theory, a standpoint cannot be achieved by mere ascribing to a fact like a perspective is, it is an achieved common identity, and it is arrived at through the experience of shared political fight (Ruxton, 2004). Feminist standpoint theory began with Hegels account of dialectic relationship between a slave and a master, and then it was strengthened by Marx and more specifically Lukacs formulation of the concept of the stand point. They argue that a suppressed slave will eventually arise and reach consciousness freedom as an end product of their struggles against the master. Hegels theory gave insight to the fact that oppression and injustices can be best analyzed, and a clear understanding made if it is viewed from the oppressed view point (Hardings, 1991). In a similar view as that of Hegels view of the relationship between a master and his slave, it can be deduced, the themes of the feminist stand point theory. According to feminist standpoint theorists Dorothy Smith and Patricia Hill Collins, the socio-political positions that women have been socialized to occupy can become important areas for information about those who are in many aspects of their social lives disadvantaged as well as those who are privileged to occupy the positions of oppressors (Smith, 2012). Thus, Hardings (1991) concludes that, starting a research on womens life will result in less biased and indistinct accounts for both the men and women the whole social order. It is for this reason that feminist standpoint theorist Dorothy Smith tries to account for the fault line of gender, in that the male counterparts are privileged socially and politically unlike their female counter parts. She further goes on to attribute the failure of men to sense the disjuncture between daily life and what they know of the world to this social location of the two genders. She defends that women by the idea of being disadvantaged in the gender power relation can relate their daily life to what they know of the world. The rational by Dorothy smith and the other feminist standpoint theorist to their assertion of this standpoint include three main principles. First, is the assertion that knowledge is socially situated, secondly, is the assumption that less privileged groups both socially and politically, are socially predisposed in a manner that make it possible for them to ask questions and be aware of things that the socially and politically privileged cannot. Finally, for an informative research, especially that which focuses on power relation, it should be carried out beginning with the lives of those marginalized. It is this three principle assumptions about feminist theories that Smith employs to analyze the reason behind the different viewpoints that men and women have on social and political issues. She puts it that collecting womens experiences, which in most scenarios is cleaning up, after mens mess forms rich site for research, for policy reform and most importantly for social change (Smith, 2005). An example is the house holds chores that women do that no one pays for or offers lifelong pension scheme. The society views such tendencies as normal while most women remain oppressed as housewives. While feminist standpoint theories claim that this status cannot be acquired by mere point of fact, or believing in the struggle, but through being part of the experiences and sharing in the struggle. On the other hand, masculinity is a performed gender identity not a sexual orientation. This is implies that it can be performed by either a male or a female. Hegemonic masculinity could be analogously referred to as an absolute form of masculinity which is virtually unattainable. It is actually the opposite of femininity (Kimmel, 2005). While women find themselves locked in the corners of feminist standpoints and are only relived from this social orders by first attaining a mentally free conscience, masculinity on the other hand, men are socialized to perform it right away from birth. According to a masculinity sociologist Michael Kimmel, masculinity in men is because of certain cultures, one is that men grow with a mentality that they deserve something, and this culture is normally referred to as the culture of entitlement, where they look forward to having children, a generation, power, and/or women. Secondly, is the culture of silence among men, this comes out in cultures where men are not allowed to do certain things such as cry, or admit emotional pain especially to people considered outsiders to the culture of masculinity. Last is the culture of men protection, which can either be portrayed by assuming that the men would not do such an action especially that which is considered illegal, or they brush it aside as being in mens nature to do that, for instance in some cultures especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In their culture, men cheating on their wives may as well be given a blind eye as it is in the mens nature or it is the womens fault that such happened ( Ruxton, 2004). Now from these two perspectives that is; feminist standpoint and masculine sociology, Dorothy Smiths view on textually mediated ruling relations brings out clearly the difference. While from a masculine point of view, there is a fixed set of expectation that any of the two genders trying to demonstrate it are expected to fit into. This includes how the society perceives them or is expected to perceive them even before their arrival (Rubin and Rubin, 2005). For instance, men are expected to dominate over women in some cultures and to protect their wives plus to provide for them. Thus when a boy is born he lives trying to reach this expectations that are set out for him. This is contradictory to the feminist standpoint that works to shake off the pre-existing social order. Feminist standpoint theory, which borrows a lot from Hegels theories, postulates that those in marginalized in social or political power relations, will rise to challenge the social order within which they find thems elves. The theory bases itself on the idea that women are utterly oppressed. While the situation may be real in some societies some women also have their privileges. Why men have to work all day to feed women who believe it should be so while they still fight for equality is still not clear in the theory. It is for this privilege that most women are never willing to confront the oppression. The ones that do are joined by the oppressed while the rest sit and watch. Conclusively, it suffices to conclude that the concept of masculinity sociology conflicts ideologically with the feminist standpoint theory. Smith attempts to explore the disjuncture between men and women in society by using the standpoint theory. Her account further attempts to explain the inevitable fault line between the two genders, which she does perfectly. However, she fails to clearly capture why exactly women have to struggle to be at par with their male counterparts. She fails to answer the oppressed male societies who go through struggle to be named by women equal with their other male strong characters. While men are frowned upon when they portray female characteristics having a list of endless abuses to such men, women who behave like men are adored. Pointing to the problem is not enough, the gap between male and female gender is much perpetuated by perceptions which each of us have to come against.

Personal Strengths and Weaknesses Essay -- essays research papers

Personal Strengths and Weaknesses What are my personal strengths and weaknesses? When I think about this question, the first thing that comes to mind is a job interview. I, like most people, find this simple question to be the most stressful moment of any interview. I want to give an answer that is imaginative but does not give the interviewer a bad impression of myself. In this paper, I will describe my strengths and weaknesses as I would to a job interviewer. I will give specific examples of my strengths and place a positive spin on my weaknesses. When deciding which strengths you want describe to an interviewer, you should make a list, choose three to five of those strengths that match the job posting, and give specific examples of that strength (Martin, 2005). I can easily tell you that my greatest strengths are the core values that I was instilled with during my service with the United States Air Force. Integrity first, service before self, and excellence in all [I] do (USAF, 1997); these are my strengths that I bring to every job or task I do. Integrity first refers to a willingness to do what is right, even when no one is looking (USAF, 1997). Integrity also means optimizing your job tasks and assisting coworkers in optimizing their job tasks. For a manager, integrity is motivating your team so that they understand the importance of their job so that they are willing to do their jobs, even when you are not looking. Service before self refers to the fact that professional duties take precedence over personal desires (USAF, 1997). In the business setting, service before self means finishing tasks or jobs before you go home at the end of your shift and not leaving them for someone else to finish up. If it is Friday afternoon and I have been given a task, I will always finish my job then, even if it means starting my weekend late. Service before self also means that you should never call in to work just because you do not feel like coming in. I have never taken a personal day at any job I have ever worked. Excellence in all [I] do refers to the development of a sustained passion for continuous improvement and innovation (USAF, 1997). One example of this is my attending the University of Phoenix; I wish to improve my job skills and marketability. In the business setting, this also means that if there is ever a task that I did not complete to the stan... ...eople for the first time. Interpersonal skills, like any skills, will only improve with practice and feed back. One nice aspect of my current position is that it requires me to speak with new people on a daily basis to accomplish my job assignments. I also get a chance to practice my interpersonal skills while attending the University of Phoenix. With every new class I enter, I am required to deal with new people in different settings. In summary, assessing strengths and weaknesses during a job interview is something that no one should take lightly. By giving my interviewer a well thought-out response, I can let the interviewer know more about myself and help he or she see that I am the right fit for the job. By letting my interviewer know about my weaknesses, I let him or her know that I am not perfect but that I am continually working to improve myself (Martin, 2005). References Martin, L. (2005). What Are Your Greatest Strengths and Weaknesses? Retrieved on June 5, 2005, from http://interview.monster.com/articles/biggest/. United States Air Force. (1997). United States Air Force Core Values. Retrieved on June 5, 2005, from http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/cv-mastr.htm.

The Old Catholic Church :: essays research papers

Long before Christianity was divided into splinter groups, there was the old catholic Church. Each locality had a church, and each church had its bishop who superintended their spiritual life. All churches and all bishops stood on equal footing with one another. For they were all direct recipients of the Gospel of Jesus Christ from the Apostles. Each locality applied the Sacred Scriptures to their unique cultures. And from that effort, four great branches of Christianity developed: Asian, Greek, Latin and Celtic. The Asian branch represented the Aramaic and Parthian perspective, which developed into the "Church of the East". It was later called the Nestorian Church. This great church evangelized the Asian world (including China) and gave us the Peshitta - the Textus Receptus in the language spoken by our Lord. The Greek branch developed in the Hellenistic world which later became the Byzantine Empire. Most of the great Church Fathers came from this branch. They were responsible for formulating the early Creeds of Christianity. The Latin branch originated in North Africa and later rooted in southern Europe. The Roman Catholic Church and many Protestant denominations have come from this branch. It became the Classical expression of Christianity during the Middle Ages. The Celtic branch of Christianity has been the minority branch within Latin Christianity for the last one thousand years. But during the first one thousand years of the Christian era, it was the dominant branch in northern Europe and the British Isles. It was responsible for the survival of Christianity and of general knowledge during the barbarian invasions following the collapse of the Roman Empire. Celtic Christianity represented the interaction of the Druids with the teachings of the Bible. It was responsible for the unique personal consciousness, love of liberty, and the curiosity of Western man. THE CAMBRIAN CHURCH The Church of Cambria was the fountainhead of Celtic Christianity from the time of the Apostles and for many centuries thereafter. This was the logical result of the fact that Cambria had also been the center of Druidism. Converted Druids became the leading bishops of the Celtic world. During the early Middle Ages, the Cambrian Church formed the core of the resistance to the dictatorial tendencies of the Roman Popes. During the late Middle Ages and the early Modern Era, its spiritual heirs continued that resistance against the entire edifice of Latin Christianity, whether Roman Catholic or Protestant. Today, the Cambrian Church is in "diaspora", especially in America.

Nike strategy :: essays research papers

After Nike’s success in the US is inarguable, its intent to focus on the international markets. The company wants to generate more than half of its revenue from overseas. In my opinion, Nike’s strategies and tactics are to seek on the opportunity to do the marketing on its radical, rebellious and anti-establishment images to the international markets and to benefit from its use of overseas factories to outsource manufacturing processes. For example, †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Nike ad in Soccer America magazine that delivered the massage to Europe, Asia and Latin America. Part of its message mentioned to their local investors to better invest in some deodorant. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A TV commercial featured a Manchester United player explaining how spitting at a fan and insulting a coach won him a Nike contract. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Nike advertising campaign at the Atlanta Olympic Games with the slogan â€Å"You don’t win silver, you lose gold.† †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Nike’s factories in Vietnam, China and Indonesian. For those marketing efforts, Nike does successful to promote itself with its not-quite-nice images and also generate some criticism that I think they are irresponsible as we can see from their ad that they does not create any positive effects to the society. For its use of overseas factories, it is great opportunity to expand the production base to the lower cost of labor, but it is totally irresponsible and unethical when labor practice does not meet the standard. In my point of view, the most unethical Nike’s decision is not to take the responsibility to ensure at least minimum and humane standards that it should offer to its work force. For example, in Vietnam, Nike paid its workers less than the cost of three meals of rice and vegetables and tofu. It treated workers no better than in sweatshops with only two drinks of water and one bathroom break in an eight hour shift. Also Nike let its contractors in developing countries to use child labor under sub-standard conditions. On the other hand, the least unethical Nike’s decision is to have a TV commercial featured a Manchester United player explaining how spitting at a fan and insulting a coach won him a Nike contract.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The reason that I reach these judgments, for the most unethical decision, Nike lacks of social responsibilities in term of both legal and ethical responsibilities. Although, there were some people agree with sweatshops because it was better than the firm leaves the workers, it was the best of the workers’ only bad options or it was a path from poverty to greater wealth, but if at least Nike improved their workers working standards, it would help to better increase their quality of lives.

Qualites on a Good Teacher Essay

With my high school years behind me, I would like to reverse roles a bit and offer some advice to teachers. My senior year, I had one of my best teachers ever. Her name was Mrs. Jacob. The area where she excelled the most was in making math interesting and making her students motivated and interested in learning more about math. Some nights, I would look forward to doing my math homework as I first, struggled through ridiculous grammar exercises. I always looked forward to my math class. Mrs.  Jacob used a creative approach to math, she kept a well disciplined class, and she connected with each and every student in her class. Unfortunately, the truth is that our public schools are doing a worse job that most parents would dare to imagine. Not only are most of our high school students completely unprepared for college, the reality is that most of them have not even been equipped with the necessary skills they need to function at a very basic level in the real world. In the Steve Perry book, Push Has Come To Shove , Perry covers the full range of issue holding back today’s students. He states â€Å"some teachers are lazy, that they go through the same sorry ass lessons for twenty years† and â€Å" teachers who think that Monday is the worst day of the week and Friday the best†. A lot of these teachers are not taking the responsibility that is expected of them. They need to understand that many students do not have the guidance they should have. The teachers and the parents need to step up their game and not give up on students that are having trouble with their education. However, we cannot just blame the schools. Many students are lazy, over-extended and discouraged about school. Many students have very few skills to contribute to society, especially after they graduate from high school. It is a national disgrace. The Mike Rose essay, I Just Wanna be Average tells the story about some of the author’s throughout high school. When he was a freshmen, he accidentally got placed into a vocational program. Instead pf putting up a fight to try to get out of it, he made the best of his situation. Rose states â€Å"students will float to the mark you set† It is clear in Rose’s essay that the Vocational Track housed the more unruly and unmotivated students. The question is: why did these students decide not to put effort into their school work? The answer? Look to their teachers. In Rose’s essay, Ken Harvey says he just wants to be average. He believes himself to be below average, and once someone is told, enough times, that he or she is not capable or knows that a teacher expects little from that student, the student begins to believe it. He performs at the lower level expected of him. To successfully engage students in a subject, creativity is paramount. Sure, a teacher can take repacked material and efficiently transmit it. But, to be a great teacher, he or she needs to know how to develop creative lesson plans and projects. He or she needs to have an arsenal of techniques and also to be a problem-solver. Perry states that students want to be â€Å"entertained. † If the teacher bores them in a conversation they would decide not to pay attention. That is why teachers need to be creative with their lesson plans. For example, Mrs. Jacob, my senior math teacher , always showed us creative ways to solve a math problem. She showed us different techniques so the students could choose which technique they liked better. She always found creative ways to engage us. Limitations can be a good thing to motivate creativity. In creative teaching, assignment limitations provide a way to change the student’s work habits. When a student isn’t allowed to repeat a familiar pathway into the work, additional creative effort is expended to succeed. As long as the difficulty level is reasonable, new learning happens. Creative teachers make mistakes, but they also search for ways to overcome mistakes. Each time they try something, they review the outcomes and try to imagine ways to make improvements. An effective teacher will teach students to be responsible and respectful to both their peers and to their teachers. If there were no discipline, people would do what they wanted and make mistakes without putting the consideration of others first. A teacher will demand that his rules are clear and that, if they do not follow the rules, clear consequences go into motion. For example , when I was at my Catholic high school, teachers made their expectations for behavior crystal clear, which led to organized and well behaved students. When I was late to class, my teachers would make sure I will stay after school and clean up the rooms or they would send me to room 114 to have a long talk with the vice principal to get additional consequence from him. They also did not allow students that were graduating to just have average grades. The students needed to prove to them that they want their diploma. I feel that every high school should be that way. The truth is that there are some teachers who abuse the discipline process sending every student who is even slightly out of line to the office. In I just Wonna be Average, Rose states â€Å" his teachers act like they could care less about teaching their students and, instead use physical violence or lack of lessons plans to control them. † Teachers should find different ways to control their student and not just by giving them lesson plans to control them. That will not work. In the Vocational track, especially, they should know how to handle these students. The key is earning respect. Respect will go a long way in being a strong disciplinarian. No teacher will have success in classroom unless he or she connects with students. Teachers who have a caring relationship with students are academically more successful . A caring teacher can transform the school experience, especially for students who face enormous difficulties, such as dropping out or dysfunctional home lives. Carl T Rowan’s essay Unforgettable Miss Bessie tells the story about his former high school teacher , Miss Bessie, and how her teachings had deeper meaning than just the subjects she taught in class. Mrs. Bessie states â€Å"Carl, never frets about what you don’t have. Just make the most of what you do have. -a brain† Since she knew Carl was not wealthy ,she had that connection with him. She taught Carl never to be bothered by what he did not have. Miss Bessie made a big impact on Carl’s life. Miss Bessie was an important factor in his life because she gave him the push and motivation he needed to succeed the way he did. She was influential to many students and to Carl in particular. Teachers should be mentors that shape the characters of their students to prepare for the society. These teachers would want their student to achieve in life no matter what situation they are in. I had a great connection with my math teacher; I was able to talk to her about things especially when my grandmother died. I was so depressed, that I did not want to do a thing. She was the type of teacher who would not cut down homework because you had problems, but she gave me extra time to do it. She would always be there to help you after school or even before school. That’s why having a connection with the teacher is always best because if the teacher really does care, just like Miss Bessie. Such a teacher would do anything to help you as long as you care and are willing to pass the course. In the modern approach to education , good teaching is becoming increasingly important and a teacher can make a tremendous impact on a students education. While students’ test scores have become an indicator of practices and it is possible to identify who the very good teachers are and who the poor teachers are the caring attitude of some teachers makes them rise above the others. Mrs. Jacob fell into that category, she would continue to inspire students the way they should be and always be right their when students need her for any sort of way not just the subjects she teaches. Now an days we need teachers like Mrs. Jacob so students could achieve more in their academics and in life itself.

Criticisms in “In the Penal Colony” Essay

The antediluvian apparatus and ancient legal system in Kafka’s â€Å"In the Penal Colony† describes the current state of humanity in the colonial era.   Through the use, along with the circumstances surrounding the machine, Kafka portrays slavery and colonialism in the world and the consequences of failing to abolish such ways. The people of the colony are represented by â€Å"the Soldier†, â€Å"the Officer†, â€Å"the Explorer†, â€Å"the Condemned man†, and â€Å"the Commandant†.   By giving them these names, Kafka has essentially dehumanized them much like those who have been condemned to working in penal colonies; they only have functions, not names.   The harsh bureaucratic ways of the colony can be seen through the punishments handed out as told by the Officer who is: much more interested in the technicalities of the execution than the niceties of legal procedure. The actual execution is to be carried out by a complex apparatus designed by the former Commandant of the penal colony and maintained by the Officer. The machine tortures the condemned man in a process that brutally mimics and transforms the sexual act. The condemned man is strapped naked onto something akin to a bed and the top part of the apparatus, a set of knife-like needles, automatically descends, piercing his body and excreting a fluid that inscribes the sentence upon his flesh. For the first six hours of the writing process, the condemned man â€Å"suffers only pain† (149) but as the needles pierce his internal organs more deeply, he achieves a form of enlightenment that culminates in death. (Kohn 5) The way in which the punishment is filtered through the legal system of the penal colony is also rather questionable.   The Officer says, â€Å"I have been appointed judge in this penal colony†(145) and uses his principle of: Guilt is never to be doubted.   Other courts cannot follow that principle, for they consist of several opinions and have higher courts to scrutinize them.   That is not the case here, or at least, it was not the case in the former Commandant’s time.†(145) to rule over his judgments.   For the condemned man, he has no chance to defend himself and prove his innocence by virtue of the system in place.   They are always going to be found guilty for the sake of being guilty so they can have an execution take place and bring some kind of grotesque excitement where, â€Å"hundreds of spectators—all of them standing on tiptoe†(153) could bear witness to them. Aside from the archaic methods of criminal procedures, Kafka also presents the reliance on antiquated technology through this work in the presentation of execution machine to portray the costs associated with running a penal colony for slave labor during his time.   We first get a glimpse of the harsh realities of the machine and the cost to upkeep it when the soldier breaks the wrist strap and the Officer says, â€Å"This is a very complex machine, it can’t be helped that things are breaking or giving way here and there; but one must not thereby allow oneself to be diverted in one’s general judgment†(151).   He continues saying: the resources for maintaining the machine are now very much reduced.   Under the former Commandant I had free access to a sum of money set aside entirely for this purpose.   There was a store, too, in which spare parts were kept for repairs of all kinds. (151)†¦Now he has taken charge of the machine money himself, and if I send for a new strap they ask for the broken old strap as evidence, and the new strap takes ten days to appear and then is of shoddy material and not much good. (151) There was an entire store dedicated solely to maintaining the machine it much like penal colonies were such a hindrance on the economies of the nations that controlled and maintained them. As the story progresses, we can see how the ways of the penal colony are being phased out when we hear the Officer tell the Explorer: there’s no time to lose, an attack of some kind is impending on my function as judge; conferences are already being held in the Commandant’s office from which I am excluded; even your coming here today seems to me a significant move; they are cowards and use you as a screen, you, a stranger.(153) The Officer views the Explorer with a great deal of clout believing he can restore the penal colony to the greatness that it once enjoyed.   However, the Explorer knows the harsh realities of the colony and refuses to play along with Officer to help him bring the colony back to its previous state.   Instead we see the Explorer as, â€Å"a kind of outsider,†(157) a change in attitudes throughout the world looking in on the colony.   The Officer finally realizes that the Explorer is not there to help him restore what once was, and he submits himself to his own machine.   As the machine is inscribing ‘be just’ into his body, it fails due to its complex nature and failing state, much like the failing state of the colony, and kills him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Through close readings of â€Å"In the Penal Colony,† we gain an insight as to what Kafka was trying to accomplish with this work.   His nation, Germany, as well as many others in the world at the time had undertaken colonialism and establishing penal colonies to better their nations.   However, Kafka illustrates the failing nature of these establishments through their rudimentary justice systems and monetary reliance on the host nations economies.   Instead of bettering society through what was being provided by the slave labor, the social order of the world was being torn apart keeping them afloat. Works Cited Kohn, Margaret. â€Å"Kafka’s Critique of Colonialism.† Theory & Event. 8.3 (2005): 5. Print.

Hamlet Siloquies

Hamlet gives us seven soliloquies, all centered on the most important existential themes: the emptiness of existence, suicide, death, suffering, action, a fear of death which puts off the most momentous decisions, the fear of the beyond, the degradation of the flesh, the triumph of vice over virtue, the pride and hypocrisy of human beings, and the difficulty of acting under the weight of a thought ‘which makes cowards of us all'.He offers us also, in the last act, some remarks made in conversation with Horatio in the cemetery which it is suitable to place in the same context as the soliloquies because the themes of life and death in general and his attitude when confronted by his own death have been with him constantly. Hamlet's soliloquy's reveal much about his character. However, they mainly seem to reveal that he is virtuous, though quite indecisive. These characteristics are explored through his various ways of insulting himself for not acting on his beliefs, and his consta nt need to reassure himself that his deeds are correct.Four of his seven soliloquies deserve our special attention: ‘O that this too sullied flesh would melt', ‘O what a rogue and peasant slave am I! ‘, ‘To be, or not to be, that is the question', and ‘How all occasions do inform against me'. In Act 1 Scene 2, Hamlet is suicidally depressed by his father’s death and mother’s remarriage. He is disillusioned with life, love and women. Whether ‘sullied’ or ‘solid’ flesh, the reference is to man’s fallen state.This is the fault of woman, because of Eve’s sin, and because the misogynistic medieval church had decreed that the father supplied the spirit and the mother the physical element of their offspring. Both words apply equally well, linking with the theme of corruption or the imagery of heaviness, but ‘solid’ is more subtle and fits better with the sustained metaphor of ‘meltingâ₠¬â„¢, ‘dew’ and ‘moist’, and the overarching framework of the four hierarchical elemental levels in the play: fire, air, water and earth. Melancholy was associated with a congealing of the blood, which also supports the ‘solid’ reading.In all likelihood it is a deliberate pun on both words by the dramatist and Hamlet. Other imagery concerns a barren earth, weed-infested and gone to seed, making the soliloquy an elegy for a world and father lost. Hamlet condemns his mother for lack of delay, and is concerned about her having fallen ‘to incestuous sheets’. His attitude to his dead father, his mother and his new father are all made clear to the audience here, but we may suspect that he has a habit of exaggeration and strong passion, confirmed by his use of three names of mythological characters.His reference to the sixth commandment — thou shalt not kill — and application of it to suicide as well as murder introduces the first of many Christian precepts in the play and shows Hamlet to be concerned about his spiritual state and the afterlife. Many of the play’s images and themes are introduced here, in some cases with their paired opposites: Hyperion versus satyr; heart versus tongue; heaven versus earth; ‘things rank and gross in nature’; memory; reason. In Act 1 Scene 5, having heard the Ghost’s testimony, Hamlet becomes distressed and impassioned.He is horrified by the behavior of Claudius and Gertrude and is convinced he must avenge his father’s murder. This speech is duplicative, contains much tautology, and is fragmented and confused. To reveal his state of shock he uses rhetorical questions, short phrases, dashes and exclamations, and jumps from subject to subject. God is invoked three times. The dichotomy between head and heart is mentioned again. In Act 2 Scene 2, Hamlet’s mood shifts from self-loathing to a determination to subdue passion and follow reason, applying this to the testing of the Ghost and his uncle with the play.The first part of the speech mirrors the style of the First Player describing Pyrrhus, with its short phrasing, incomplete lines, melodramatic diction and irregular metre. This is a highly rhetorical speech up to line 585, full of lists, insults and repetitions of vocabulary, especially the word ‘villain’; this suggests he is channelling his rage and unpacking his heart with words in this long soliloquy, railing impotently against himself as well as Claudius.He then settles into the gentler and more regular rhythm of thought rather than emotion. The irony being conveyed is that cues for passion do not necessarily produce it in reality in the same way that they do in fiction, and that paradoxically, deep and traumatic feeling can take the form of an apparent lack of, or even inappropriate, manifestation. Act 3 Scene 1 was originally the third soliloquy and came before the entry of the Players. Some directors therefore place this most famous of soliloquies at II. 2. 71, but this has the effect of making Hamlet appear to be meditating on what he has just been reading rather than on life in general whereas the Act III scene 1 placing puts the speech at the centre of the play, where Hamlet has suffered further betrayals and has more reason to entertain suicidal thoughts. The speech uses the general ‘we’ and ‘us’, and makes no reference to Hamlet’s personal situation or dilemma. Although traditionally played as a soliloquy, technically it is not, as Ophelia appears to be overtly present (and in some productions Hamlet addresses the speech directly to her) and Claudius and Polonius are within earshot.At the time this was a standard ‘question’ (this being a term used in academic disputation, the way the word ‘motion’ is now used in debating): whether it is better to liveunhappily or not at all. As always, Hamlet moves f rom the particular to the general, and he asks why humans put up with their burdens and pains when they have a means of escape with a ‘bare bodkin’. Hamlet also questions whether it is better to act or not to act, to be a passive stoic like Horatio or to meet events head on, even if by taking up arms this will lead to one’s own death, since they are not to be overcome.There is disagreement by critics (see Rossiter, p. 175) as to whether to ‘take up arms against a sea of troubles’ ends one’s opponent or oneself, but it would seem to mean the latter in the context. Although humans can choose whether to die or not, they have no control over ‘what dreams may come’, and this thought deters him from embracing death at this stage. Although death is ‘devoutly to be wished’ because of its promise of peace, it is to be feared because of its mystery, and reason will always counsel us to stick with what we know.Strangely, the Gho st does not seem to count in Hamlet’s mind as a ‘traveller’ who ‘returns’. Given that Hamlet has already concluded that he cannot commit suicide because ‘the Everlasting had†¦ fixed/His canon ’gainst self-slaughter’, there is no reason to think he has changed his mind about such a fundamental moral and philosophical imperative. C. S. Lewis claims that Hamlet does not suffer from a fear of dying, but from a fear of being dead, of the unknown and unknowable.However, Hamlet later comes to see that this is a false dichotomy, since one can collude with fate rather than try futilely to resist it, and then have nothing to fear. The ‘conscience’ which makes us all cowards probably means conscience in the modern sense, as it does in ‘catch the conscience of the King’. However, its other meaning of ‘thought’ is equally appropriate, and the double meaning encapsulates the human condition: to be cap able of reason means inevitably to recognize one’s guilt, and both thought and guilt make us fear punishment in the next life.With the exception of Claudius, intermittently and not overridingly, and Gertrude after being schooled by Hamlet, no other character in the play shows evidence of having a conscience in the sense of being able to judge oneself and be self-critical. This has a slower pace than the previous soliloquies, a higher frequency of adjectives, metaphors, rhythmical repetitions, and regular iambics. Hamlet’s melancholy and doubt show through in the use of hendiadys, the stress on disease, burdens, pain and weapons, and the generally jaundiced world view.The ‘rub’ referred to in line 65 is an allusion to an obstacle in a game of bowls which deflects the bowl from its intended path, and is yet another indirection metaphor. Act 3 Scene 2, Hamlet feels ready to proceed against the guilty Claudius. He is using the stereotypical avenger language an d tone in what the Arden edition calls ‘the traditional night-piece apt to prelude a deed of blood’. He is aping the previous speaker’s mode as so often, trying to motivate himself to become a stage villain, by identifying with Lucianus, the nephew to the king.This is the least convincing of his soliloquies because of the crudity of the cliched utterance, and one suspects it is a leftover from an earlier version of the revenge play. The emphasis at the end, however, is on avoiding violence and showing concern for his own and his mother’s souls; his great fear is of being ‘unnatural’, behaving as a monster like Claudius. He is, however, impressionable to theatrical performance, as we saw from his reaction to the Pyrrhus/Hecuba speeches earlier, and this carries him through to the slaying of Polonius before it wears off and, if we can believe it, ‘’A weeps for what is done’.This soliloquy creates tension for the audience, who are unsure of how his first private meeting with his mother will turn out and how they will speak to each other. He mentions his ‘heart’ and ‘soul’ again. Act 3 Scene 3, Hamlet decides not to kill Claudius while he is praying, claiming that this would send him to heaven, which would not be a fitting punishment for a man who killed his father unprepared for death and sent him to purgatory. For Hamlet revenge must involve justice.It begins with a hypothetical ‘might’, as if he has already decided to take no action, confirmed by the single categorical word ‘No’ in line 87, the most decisive utterance in the play. The usual diction is present: ‘heaven’, ‘hell’, ‘black’, ‘villain’, ‘sickly’, ‘soul’, ‘heavy’, ‘thought’, ‘act’. Act 4 Scene 4, Hamlet questions why he has delayed, and the nature of man and honor. He resolves again to do the bloody deed. Once again, he is not really alone; he has told Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to move away but they are still on stage, following their orders to watch him.Despite exhortation and exclamation at the end, this speech excites Hamlet’s blood for no longer than the previous soliloquies. Though it seems to deprecate passive forbearance and endorse the nobility of action — by definition one cannot be great if one merely refrains — the negative diction of ‘puffed’, ‘eggshell’, ‘straw’, ‘fantasy’ and ‘trick’ work against the meaning so that it seems ridiculous of Fortinbras to be losing so much to gain so little, and neither Hamlet nor the audience can be persuaded of the alleged honour to be gained.Fortinbras — who is not really a ‘delicate and tender prince’ but a ruthless and militaristic one, leader of a ‘list of lawless resolutes‘ — s eems positively irresponsible in his willingness to sacrifice 20,000 men for a tiny patch of ground and a personal reputation. Critics dispute whether Hamlet is condemning himself and admiring Fortinbras, having accepted that the way to achieve greatness is to fight and win, like his father, or whether he has now realized how ridiculous the quest for honor is, and that one should wait for it to come rather than seek it out.As the Arden editors point out, there is double-think going on, whereby ‘Hamlet insists on admiring Fortinbras while at the same time acknowledging the absurdity of his actions’ (p. 371). As so often when Hamlet is debating with himself and playing his own devil’s advocate, the opposite meaning seems to defeat the conscious argument he is trying to present. Lines 53 to 56 are grammatically obscure and add to the confusion. What is clear is Hamlet’s frustration with himself at the beginning of the soliloquy, which the 26 monosyllables com prising lines 43–46 powerfully convey.